Architectural model - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. An architectural model promoting a highrise condominium.
An architectural model is a type of a scale model - a physical representation of a structure - built to study aspects of an architectural design or to communicate design ideas. Depending upon the purpose, models can be made from a variety of materials, including blocks, paper, and wood, and at a variety of scales. Purpose. Architectural models are used by architects for a range of purposes. Ad hoc models are sometimes made to study the interaction of volumes, or to get an idea of how they look from different angles and to explore ideas. They can be used to exhibit and sell a design to help visualise a design. A model may be useful in explaining a complicated or unusual design to the building team, or as a focus for discussion between the design teams such as architects, engineers and town planners. Models are also used as show pieces, for instance as a feature in the reception of a building, or as part of a museum exhibition such as scale replicas of historical buildings.
Some types of model include - Exterior models are models of buildings which usually include some landscaping or civic spaces around the building. Interior models are models showing interior space planning, finishes, colors, furniture and beautification. Landscaping design models are models of landscape design and development representing features such as walkways, small bridges, pergolas, vegetation patterns and beautification. Landscaping design models usually represent public spaces and may, in some cases, include buildings as well.
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Urban models are models typically built at a much smaller scale (starting from 1: 5. Urban models are a vital tool for town/city planning and development. Urban models of large urban areas are displayed at museums such as the Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Center, Queens Museum in New York, the Beijing Planning Exhibition Hall, and the Singapore City Gallery. Engineering and construction models show isolated building/structure elements and components and their interaction.
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Virtual modeling. Early virtual modeling involved the fixing of arbitrary lines and points in virtual space, mainly to produce technical drawings. Modern packages include advanced features such as databases of components, automated engineering calculations, visual fly- throughs, dynamic reflections, and accurate textures and colours. Such models are an efficient design tool for three- dimensional understanding of a structure, space or form, used by architects, interior designers and exhibit designers.
Common materials used for centuries in architectural model building were card stock, balsa wood, basswood and other woods. Modern professional architectural model builders are taking advantage of twenty- first century materials, such as Taskboard (a flexible and lightweight wood/fiber board), plastics, wooden and wooden- plastic composites, foams, foam board and urethane compounds. Cubes are commonly used, stacked upon one another, to build up an architectural model. A number of companies produce ready- made pieces for structural components (e.
Features such as vehicles, people figurines, trees, street lights and other are called . Increasingly, rapid prototyping and solid freeform fabrication ('3. D printing') are used to automatically construct models straight from CAD plans. The majority of 3.
D printers accept the stereolithography (. STL for short) file format, which is basically a mesh that wraps around the object in 3- dimensions. It helps to visualize this as a bag of oranges wrapped in a mesh bag. This is similar to what happens when an STL file is not cleanly produced and prematurely sent to a 3. D printer. Large CNC carving plotters are able to carve out of high density foam boards up to 1.
Architectural models are being constructed at much smaller scale than their 1: 1 counterpart. The scales and their architectural use is broadly as follows: 1: 1 Full (or real) size for details. Details. 1: 5 Details. Interior spaces/furniture. Interior spaces/furniture. Interior spaces/detailed floor plans/different floor levels. Building plans/layouts.
Building layouts/site plans. Urban scale for site or location plans. Site plans. 1: 2. Site plans/city maps. Sometimes model railroad scales such as 1: 1. See also. Retrieved 1.
June 2. 01. 5. Retrieved 1. June 2. 01. 5. Rapid prototyping for architectural models (PDF) - University of Hong Kong, Rapid Prototyping, Volume 8, Number 2, 2.